Everything is fair in love and war

“Everything is fair in love and war” a mistaken ideology.

It is not good that what happened to Benazir Bhutto in Rawalpindi, Pakistan on 27th December 2007. But who can prevent the spreading terrorism? Pakistan which has failed to stop growing terrorism in the country has itself become a victim of terrorism. What is happening in Pakistan is the result of supporting terrorism. In spite of India’s advice Pakistan supported terrorists. If it had joined the international communities for curbing terrorism at least the situation would have been under control in Pakistan. But now the condition in Pakistan is worst. There is no democracy at all. Finally the helpless people of Pakistan will be in trouble.

The incidents happening around the world due to terrorism clearly show that they have made their creator as victims. History is the asset that we can look back into and learn a lot. It explains actions and reactions for those actions with proofs. If we put ourselves 1000 years back on the time axis and observe the events in those 1000 years time span we become expert astrologers. Why man does not learn from history?

It is certain that who supports evil will ultimately get destroyed himself. This is the universal law and the world works as per this law. Any sort of activity with violence is an evil. Whatever the aim it claims it is bad. But who tells this to Jehadis. If any body says that “Everything is all right in love and war” it is definitely due to his insanity. Some one has said this in past. People stick to some old ideologies without analyzing them again. Any thing which holds good in a given point of time may not necessarily be right. It can be wrong. Can we tell now what happened to Benzir Bhutto is all right because it is a part of terrorist’s war? We cannot say so. But we can definately say that Evil eats its creator eventually.

Everyone in the world is special and unique so let others know yourself

Blogging in India is very new. Though many people use internet, its usage is limited to browsing the information, email communication and for online business transactions mainly. Yet Internet has not become a place to express their views, share their knowledge and experience to others due to the infrastructure limitations and the operating costs.

Until recently, there was not much use of Internet in India for communication and browsing except for online transactions. Internet appeared in some reputed technical institutions and research centers in the beginning. Through software industries Internet usage immediately increased in India. Due to browsing centers, about 80% of the current youth generation in India has email addresses. Irrespective of the educational background technical or non technical, everyone has an email address like the phone or mobile number.

Also, blogging requires the writing skills and interest to share the own views and experience to others. It requires focusing on a particular subject, issues and events. Blog needs to be constantly updated with new contents over time. It needs to be original though, not necessarily an invention. It is a mean for the blogger to share his experience and knowledge that he has acquired. Everyone in the world is special and he or she would have a unique experience. He needs to pass it to others by some means. Blogging is one of the faster and effective methods to do that. It is similar to writing small stories and sayings in the form of books in past. All principles and writing ethics remain same, except that the media of sharing is different. This electronic media presents the writings to any one, in any corner of the world when he searches for the particular knowledge on the internet, thanks to the intelligent search engines.

With the advent in online advertisement blogging lures many writers to earn money. Many bloggers start with the intention of earning money. Few will succeed by enriching their site with valuable content. But many bloggers will not understand how to focus on a particular subject and area so that the readers get benefit. These bloggers get discouraged soon and will end up writing. Unless the blogger thinks from the reader’s benefit point of view their blog will not become popular.

India will produce more bloggers in future due to the population and the diversity it has. Every developing nation needs it for spreading the good thoughts and to bring reforms. There is a positive growth in the number of good bloggers these days from India. But one thing is true that because of internet entire world is one village and entire writer group is one entity called as 'bloggers group'. There is no distinction of state, nation and continent to share the knowledge and experience in spite of blogs in various languages.

This is a revolution in journalism where instead of journalist writing in news papers and magazines to bring awareness in the public, the bloggers write in blogs and share their views.

Truth

Truth is always absolute. But deciding that the given fact is true or not is always relative and it is purely dependent on the comprehension of the human mind.
-By sman

Live and Let Live

All people do have equal opportunity to earn in the current economical scenario. But only few can earn. Because only those few use the opportunity as all people can never own the opportunities at a time. Only few can have it at a time and then others get it. Also ability to earn money for a given opportunity differs from person to person based on his personal ability and opportunities. It is also based on many factors like his physical and mental conditions, location where he stays and job opportunities and so on. All people can never be rich simultaneously. It is highly impossible. So there will be always some people who cannot earn money for one or more reasons. But those people need to live like others at least with self dignity.

So the means for them to live is make them to earn. For that money is required. Money should flow to such sections in a controlled way to uplift them. There are many ways to improve them like rendering services, giving motivations etc. Donation is one of the ways which helps those people to live.

So please donate as much as you can. Live and Let the others live happily.

God's Mistake

God created perfect heads but few of them have hairs on it to cover the mistakes
By Anonymous

Maturity

A Man who sees the world in his fifty as same as he had seen it in his thirty has wasted twenty years in his life
By Anonymous

Contradiction

We believe our ability but blame our fate in case of failure.
By SMAN

Steps to configure Telnet/FTP in Linux

If the telnet and ftp services are not running it is required to run the ftp deamon services. It will start the telnet and ftp servers.

1. Red Hat Enterprise Linux: RHEL3 / RHEL4


Enabling Telnet and FTP Services
Do the steps below

#login as root
#chkconfig telnet on
#service xinetd reload
Reloading configuration: [ OK ]

For RHEL 3.0 release, the FTP server command is

#/etc/init.d/vsftpd start
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [ OK ]

Configure Telnet for root logins
To allow the n number of telnet sessions as root edit the file /etc/securetty and add the following to the end of the file:
pts/0
pts/1
.
.
.
pts/n

Configure FTP for root logins
Edit the files /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers and /etc/vsftpd.user_list and remove the 'root' line from each file.

2. Red Hat (Fedora Core 1 / Core 2)

Enabling Telnet and FTP Services
Do the steps below

# login as root
# edit the files :
/etc/xinetd.d/telnet
/etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftpd

In these files, find the line for disable and change its value from "yes" to "no".

Restart the xinetd deamon now.

#/etc/init.d/xinetd reload

For Fedora Core 1 release, the command is

#/etc/init.d/vsftpd start

Configure Telnet for root logins
To allow the n number of telnet sessions as root edit the file /etc/securetty and add the following to the end of the file:

pts/0
pts/1
.
.
.
pts/n

Configure FTP for root logins
Edit the files /etc/vsftpd.ftpusers and /etc/vsftpd.user_list and remove the 'root' line from each file.

3. Red Hat (Release 7.x - 8.x)

Enabling Telnet and FTP Services
Do the steps below

# login as root
# edit the files:
/etc/xinetd.d/telnet
/etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftpd

In these files, find the line for disable and change its value from the "yes" to "no".

Restart the xinetd deamon now.
# /etc/init.d/xinetd reload

Configure Telnet for root logins
To allow the n number of telnet sessions as root edit the file /etc/securetty and add the following to the end of the file:

pts/0
pts/1
.
.
.
pts/n

Configure FTP for root logins
Edit the file /etc/ftpaccess and comment out the 'deny-uid' and 'deny-gid' lines. Remove the 'root' line from /etc/ftpusers.

Monitoring the backend Storage

How to Monitor the backend storage connected to the system

This Section will be continued...
Readers please leave your comments and any more expectations.

Heart Attack - How to Prevent

Qn: What are the thumb rules for a layman to take care of his heart ?

Ans:
1. Diet - Less of carbohydrate, more of protein, less oil
2. Exercise - Half an hour's walk, at least five days a week; avoid lifts and avoid sitting for a longtime
3. Quit smoking
4. Control weight
5. Control blood pressure and sugar

Qn: Is eating non-veg food (fish) good for the heart?

Ans: No

Qn: It's still a grave shock to hear that some apparently healthy person
gets a cardiac arrest. How do we understand it in perspective?

Ans: This is called silent attack; that is why we recommend everyone past the age of 30 to undergo routine health checkups.

Qn: Are heart diseases hereditary?

Ans: Yes

Qn: What are the ways in which the heart is stressed? What practices do you suggest to de-stress?


Ans: Change your attitude towards life. Do not look for perfection in everything in life.

Qn: Is walking better than jogging or is more intensive exercise required to keep a healthy heart?

Ans: Walking is better than jogging since jogging leads to early fatigue and injury to joints .

Qn: You have done so much for the poor and needy. What has inspired you to do so?

Ans: Mother Theresa , who was my patient.

Qn: Can people with low blood pressure suffer heart diseases?

Ans: Extremely rare

Qn: Does cholesterol accumulates right from an early age
(I'm currently only 22) or do you have to worry about it only after you are above 30 years of age?

Ans: Cholesterol accumulates from childhood.

Qn: How do irregular eating habits affect the heart ?

Ans: You tend to eat junk food when the habits are irregular and your body's enzyme release for digestion gets confused.

Qn: How can I control cholesterol content without using medicines?

Ans: Control diet, walk and eat walnut.

Qn: Can yoga prevent heart ailments?

Ans: Yoga helps.

Qn: Which is the best and worst food for the heart?

Ans: Fruits and vegetables are the best and the worst is oil.

Qn: Which oil is better - groundnut, sunflower, olive?

Ans: All oils are bad .

Qn: What is the routine checkup one should go through? Is there any specific test?

Ans: Routine blood test to ensure sugar, cholesterol is ok. Check BP, Treadmill test after an echo.

Qn: What are the first aid steps to be taken on a heart attack?

Ans: Help the person into a sleeping position , place an aspirin tablet under the tongue with a sorbitrate tablet if available, and rush him to a coronary care unit since the maximum casualty takes place within the first hour.

Qn: How do you differentiate between pain caused by a heart attack and that caused due to gastric trouble?

Ans: Extremely difficult without ECG.

Qn: What is the main cause of a steep increase in heart problems amongst youngsters? I see people of about 30-40 yrs of age having heart attacks and serious heart problems.

Ans: Increased awareness has increased incidents. Also, edentary lifestyles, smoking, junk food, lack of exercise in a country where people are genetically three times more vulnerable for heart attacks than Europeans and Americans.

Qn: Is it possible for a person to have BP outside the normal range of 120/80 and yet be perfectly healthy?

Ans: Yes.

Qn: Marriages within close relatives can lead to heart problems for the child. Is it true?

Ans : Yes, co-sanguinity leads to congenital abnormalities and you may not have a software engineer as a child

Qn: Many of us have an irregular daily routine and many a times we have to stay late nights in office. Does this affect our heart ? What precautions would you recommend?

Ans : When you are young, nature protects you against all these irregularities. However, as you grow older, respect the biological clock.

Qn: Will taking anti-hypertensive drugs cause some other complications (short / long term)?

Ans : Yes, most drugs have some side effects. However, modern anti-hypertensive drugs are extremely safe.

Qn: Will consuming more coffee/tea lead to heart attacks?

Ans : No.

Qn: Are asthma patients more prone to heart disease?

Ans : No.

Qn: How would you define junk food?

Ans : Fried food like Kentucky , McDonalds , samosas, and even masala dosas.

Qn: You mentioned that Indians are three times more vulnerable. What is the reason for this, as Europeans and Americans also eat a lot of junk food?

Ans: Every race is vulnerable to some disease and unfortunately, Indians are vulnerable for the most expensive disease.

Qn: Does consuming bananas help reduce hypertension?

Ans : No.

Qn: Can a person help himself during a heart attack (Because we see a lot of forwarded emails on this)?

Ans : Yes. Lie down comfortably and put an aspirin tablet of any description under the tongue and ask someone to take you to the nearest coronary care unit without any delay and do not wait for the ambulance since most of the time, the ambulance does not turn up.

Qn: Do, in any way, low white blood cells and low hemoglobin count lead to heart problems?

Ans : No. But it is ideal to have normal hemoglobin level to increase your exercise capacity.

Qn: Sometimes, due to the hectic schedule we are not able to exercise. So, does walking while doing daily chores at home or climbing the stairs in the house, work as a substitute for exercise?

Ans : Certainly. Avoid sitting continuously for more than half an hour and even the act of getting out of the chair and going to another chair and sitting helps a lot.

Qn: Is there a relation between heart problems and blood sugar?

Ans: Yes. A strong relationship since diabetics are more vulnerable to heart attacks than non-diabetics.

Qn: What are the things one needs to take care of after a heart operation?

Ans : Diet, exercise, drugs on time , Control cholesterol, BP, weight.

Qn: Are people working on night shifts more vulnerable to heart disease when compared to day shift workers?

Ans : No.

Qn: What are the modern anti-hypertensive drugs?

Ans : There are hundreds of drugs and your doctor will chose the right combination for your problem, but my suggestion is to avoid the drugs and go for natural ways of controlling blood pressure by walk, diet to reduce weight and changing attitudes towards lifestyles.

Qn: Does dispirin or similar headache pills increase the risk of heart attacks?

Ans : No.

Qn: Why is the rate of heart attacks more in men than in women?

Ans : Nature protects women till the age of 45.

Qn: How can one keep the heart in a good condition?

Ans : Eat a healthy diet, avoid junk food, exercise everyday, do not smoke and, go for health checkups if you are past the age of 30 ( once in six months recommended)...
Courtesy: A chat was arranged by WIPRO, Bangalore with Dr.Devi Shetty , Narayana Hrudayalaya ( Heart Specialist) Bangalore.

In Democracy - ‘Duty to vote’ instead of ‘Right to vote’

The meaning of democracy is that the ruling govt. reflects the choice of the citizens in terms of their needs, aspirations and it thus represents the people of the country. But see the scenario in India. Every state looks like a Kingdome. Each state has some rulers who, from past been ruling the states as CMs and try to retain the power by hook or crook. If father retires from politics he makes the way to his or her kith and kin to rule the state. This is true at the center also as we see that the PM seat is inherited to family members many times. CM is always chosen based on family. PM is chosen based on family or made like rubber stamp of ruling parties. No one is representing the people here.

How and why this happens? People who do not believe in democracy will do this. How they are able to do this? Because, few people select them instead of all people. This is like few people selecting the government and remaining majority people pointing the government as a bad government.

If the citizens of India ‘think and vote’, this will never happen. But why they ‘think only’ but ‘not vote’? What is the problem with Indians when it comes to exercise their power of voting? Many people in the world do not have this power to choose their government but Indians have it. To be surprised educated are reluctant to vote than uneducated people. Minorities vote than majority communities. Is it like only the weaker sections resort to democracy? It looks like it is happening. If these are the problems in voting itself then why the democracy is required?

What steps can be taken by the government.

1. Make election ID cards mandatory for all. Those having the ID card can only vote.
2. It should be a ‘duty to vote’ instead of ‘right to vote’. Voting has to be made compulsory in the constitution.
3. If there are Successive 3 violations the candidate should not be allowed for voting for his whole life time. So he looses the rights to be a people representative also in his future.
For better results good people should vote. If all people vote certainly there will be better results.

There are so many intellectuals in our country. But fools are ruling us. Few intellectuals in ruling party will be like rubber stamps unfortunately. The reason is intellectuals talk about ideal situations and that ideal situation never comes. Because of this reason people never support intellectuals but they support politicians. Politicians know how to solve the dispute. Unfortunately, Politicians do not have service motivation like intellectuals. So whom to choose as our representative? Better if intellectuals make election campaign instead of some film hero and heroines. They can assist the people to choose right and good candidates.

Distributed Password Security

Passwords are very important to protect access to a secured entity. The entity may be any system, device, file or any piece of information. Passwords are often personal codes set by individual. Everyone uses his own way to set the password by adhering to certain standards defined.

As for as the security is concerned the entire security is with that person who owns the password. This is a one person to one password security scenario for the entire given system. The drawback here is that the entire security is with that person. Due to this one person owning the security there will be problems like

1. Risk of misusing the secured entity by the person holding the password.
2. Stealing of the password by other.
3. Threat to the password holder to disclose the password.

Whatever may be the length and strength of the password chosen the above problems still remain.

What if this password security is distributed to multiple people as a team? Definitely the security can never be misused. This password can never be stolen by anybody. Also the chances of misusing the password or the risk of entire team getting threatened will never arise.

Distributed password scenario

In this case the team of n members hold the entire password so that the security is distributed to the team. Here ‘n’ sub strings S1, S2…Sn, form the password string ‘S’. It is the concatenation S1+S2+S3+…+Sn, which forms the whole password. Each member of this team holds the sub string, Si. He treats that as his own password with its own length. The login process will be successful if, all team members enter their strings S1 to Sn, correctly in order.

There is no separate implementation required for the login process to authenticate the entry except that all members should be present while login. The entire team will be the authorized users group and will be required while login.

When the entire team logs in the actual user needs to be identified. With the whole team entering the password there should be a way for the system to determine who is going to access the system and uses the system further. Any one can use the system. So the next level can be another login screen where any one member ‘Mi’ from that team can enter inside with his sub string password Si. This solves the problem of identifying the actual person going to work on that system. To change the main distributed password again the entire team is required.

This is the better approach than the multiple level logins or multiple levels of securities. It fits for the areas like military, finance and various highly secured systems, where the security is under threat.

Indian’s identity abroad - Effect of castism

Since the days in history India’s picture in abroad was, a country with many castes, country where people have blind beliefs, country where people adore stones, mud and animals etc. During British’s rule this picture was still worsened abroad. But, now the picture has been changed due to the progress in various fields and India can play a role of model in many areas internationally.

But, still how Indians are identified outside? They ask us which cast do you belong to in India? How many castes are there in your religion? What is the difference between sub castes?
Colleagues put these questions over informal conversations abroad. The disputes over cast based reservation and castism in India made the people to think differently about Indians. Who is responsible for this? We right?

Unfortunately, in the name of culture and in the name of god caste awareness is increasing in today’s youths, though there are many rational thinkers.

There are as many casts as there are gods and there are as many gods as there are beliefs. Totally, many have misunderstood the concept of god. All behave like educated people with scientific temper but when the question of god comes all behave like coward and believe everything said in the name of god. This is the main reason for our inability to remove castism from our minds. We talk too much about removing the castism from our society but never show courage to say I am not belonged to any cast. Many never know Mahatma Gandhi belong to which cast? Do we ever think about the caste when we talk about Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam? We do not consider the cast when the person is special and important. Similarly we should consider the person everywhere but not the cast he belongs to.

All religions have started from man. These religions are different as the ways to realize the god are different. All religions say the same stuff in different ways. This is like writing the same program in many programming languages, where the result is always same and there will be same types of errors in all.

People should discourage their children when they talk about castes. Parents should ask the children to recognize others as persons but not persons from xyz caste. Then at least the next generation would live happily.

India – Does not need any revolution

In India there is a sudden change in the lifestyle in last 2 decades. These changes are due to the globalization and technical advancements. Many sections of the societies have undergone through this change having utilized the technology advancements. This was possible for them because of the availability of the communication channels. Off course still there is a big section, which is not aware of what is happening in the world. Reaching that section has been always difficult for the organizations and governments. So those sections remained in unimproved state and fell behind decades relatively. The government’s policies fail to bring them to the main stream, as there are no such real intentions in the government executive bodies.

There is a huge mind set in India, which can think rationally to solve the various current problems what people face now. This mind set finds the better approaches for various problems we have. If we observe the discussions on the Internet and televisions we understand that current generation has started thinking in a way appropriate for the situation than the earlier days. Who knows earlier also it was the case but we had no ways to know each other in a faster way. At least the youths and children who have fresh thoughts can change the current picture of India. The sum of these minds and their rational thoughts should come together and propagate like a wave of revolution. This needs a proper leadership what the current youth community lacks.

Always the leadership is tied to politics. Politics is not required at all. Remember political power is not the requirement but the will power to make the change is required. Mahatma Gandhi had no political power but had a strong will. All our leaders, before independence had no powers but had will powers. The community section, which has the will power, can get any power.

So why to wait? Show that you have the will power to make any change in a better way. Do not fall behind the politics. By joining politics or building a party you become a part of it. If you put a drop of sweet water in sea it cannot turn the sea into sweet water. Instead it testes like seawater.

Do not waste your time and become inactive by watching games played by others. Instead play the games yourself and enjoy it and be active. There will be the real happiness.

Protest any wrong decisions by the government strongly. We have the better way to protest in India. Peacefully come to the street and protest against the odd things. Convince the people like how Mahatma Gandhi did. We need to fight against our own people again. Because the people involved in corruption are not foreigners but they are our neighbours only. We are all neighbours to somebody. The government has been fooling us in an intelligent way that we fail to understand. Our people cheat us. Just see the number of crimes in India and the type of people behind it. All are responsible people and they feel that they are not guilty. Reason for this is such people see the world as if everyone is guilty. Politicians purposefully delay their trail in court so that the punishment for them is delayed. Each one protects other. Looks they never get punishment. Only the helpless people get proper punishment for their crime. Why this odd development here? Naxalism, terrorism and any negative developments are due to the failure of the governments to provide the equality to all. Any development in society should be a voice towards the punishment to the guilty so that the crime rate comes down. All other violent actions by any group, which disturb the normal life, have failed to attain their goals. History provides the evidences for that.

The good intention with the wrong way to do that is like a good food in a dirty plate. So the people who think rationally to provide justice and equality to all must get the confidence of the people for whom they fight. Though society is made up of different type of people no one like violent approach. This need not be confused with the freedom fighters before independence. Such violence is not a requirement now. We need to remember that we need to fight against our own people, who are our neighbours.

Raise the voice when any body suffers and see that the guilty is punished. The victim will remember the support and be a part of yours. If you forsake the victim you loose one candidate and he will never believe you. Make sure all people, that the guilty must be punished. Government has become impotent in punishing the guiltiness, because, it has lost its will power. To punish the guilty one needs the will power and guts.

The voice raised in right time can bring the change slowly and change the environment. Remember, slow change is better than revolution. And it has no side effects.

Root problems in India

Many say cast and religion are the root causes for the current problems in India. Some people say the problems are due to the corrupted politicians. Some say the poverty and lower economical conditions and the illiteracy are the main causes and so on.

Truly speaking none of the above are the root causes. It is possible to leave happily and peacefully in a multiple caste and religious state. It is possible for the poor to leave happily. Problems are not due to illiterate but many times due to literate people, who exploit illiterate and innocent people to do crime. It is possible to remove the corruption in the politics.

All the above problems are always there since the start of the human race. But still in history we have seen the examples where the people lived happily and peacefully in some time spans.

The above said problems are the created problems by the people and so those are not the root causes.

So what are the main causes for the non-peaceful society today?

People are the root causes for all the problems. Their attitude is the root cause. Man has become greedier more than ever before for his needs. So he finds the unlawful and unethical ways to earn money. If the greed is under control then the society leaves peacefully. It is always the level of the greed, which decides the happiness of the masses and its peace.

The greed should be under control and should be governed by spirituality. Guilty conscience is the need for the currect society. It is verymuch required for man to leave peacefully. Otherwise there will be no difference between the animals and the human.

We have the examples of some well-developed countries where the education and money is not a problem. But still people suffer from many problems. The current generation may not be the reason for that. But may be it is the effect of the previous mistakes or wrong political decisions or may be the way they lived before.

FutureThe generations have to pay for the mistakes in the current generation. This is as same as the fact that no rain we get in future when we cut trees and create deforestation. It is as true as the inheritance of characteristics through DNA to successive generations.

Unless there is a changes in human attitude happiness and peace is a dream word.

Reservation required, but the ‘backward community’ needs to be redefined

Reservation is the right thing and it should be there. Many downtrodden masses have utilized this opportunity and have come up in their life. We should see that out of 100 families, in the worst case, 10 families utilized that and improved in India. This is okay condition and right effort.

Truly speaking, there is no reservation required at all for anybody in ideal situation. That situation would be like the one where the society has no divisions like upper and lower castes. All will have the same economical and social status and all types of opportunities are equally distributed to all. This is an ideal situation and always there is a care for incapable people by the system like the government and its people. But that ideal society never exists in the time line. There are many reasons for the backward communities to exist in India over centuries. All sections of the society are responsible for that. Any section falls behind in the competition race, becomes the backward section over time. In addition, politics pushes some societies into backward communities list over time. So as long as the backward communities exist there should be reservation to uplift those societies.

Contemporarily there is always a cry for ‘no reservation’ from those who do not enjoy this. This voice against the reservation is a valid one as those people are frustrated about the discrimination by the government. But we need to see the classes of people who are not able to share the opportunities. We need to provide them the ways to come up. Reservation is considered as the way for this.

But here is confusion. Suppose that if the families, as I said earlier, 10 out of 100 have been benefited by reservation and these families are well settled economically. Also the earning members of these families are in certain jobs by availing the reservation. Then the goal of the government is over. Its purpose is met. The families have come to a position. There onwards they do not need any reservation by the fact that they can earn and they are capable of providing the education to their next generation. So what is the reason for extending the reservations to those families? Whether the government assumes that the generations in backward communities are always weaker? If this is the argument then it is the disrespect for that community. All backward communities should come together to protest against this kind of disrespect from the government. For example I belong to OBC category. I utilized the reservation during my education, the way it was available for me in the last decade. I am an engineer now. Thanks to the government reservation policy. But if the government says by any chance that now my children also come in a reservation category I consider it is a kind of disrespect to my children. It looks down upon the abilities of my children. It is an insane behavior of the government who put my children into reservation category.

So, if anyone argues that when the children are incapable and so they also need reservation, then the same situation has to be considered in all sections of all societies. This is because; all societies and all communities have the same problem. Then the reservation would be like for those who cannot compete.

Is this the real need of an hour ‘the reservation for an incompetent person’ he can be in any section and any society?

Can anybody on behalf of the government clear to the nation that the extension of reservation to such already improved families is because their generations are always weaker? Can such families who think their children too need reservations accept this fact that their children are incompetent and incapable always?

Discrimination on the basis of castes is an offence. Discrimination should be the fact of history. There should be no place for it in the civilized society at present. The government needs to act better than now. As per our constitution Government shall not engage in such things, which can divide the community masses. This will be the breach of the constitution. Government must not treat an entire community as backward as it is against the constitution. Also it must not exploit the innocence of the public, as it is a sin and it reverts back in a bad manner later. History provides the evidence for all these.

What Government can do to uplift the poor and downtrodden families with keeping the communities united?

1. Make any law equally applicable to all Indians irrespective of their religion and communities.
2. Define ‘backward community’ as ‘a family that has been deprived of the opportunities for education and status’.
3. Find such backward families to avail the reservation in all sections and all societies.
4. To such families provide the reservations in different levels as per their income slabs.
This would be the real care of the people who really need the support from the government.

All other steps lead to conflicts in the societies creating the barriers dividing the people of the nation. This will not end until the sun rises in the west.

Innovative Technologies and the Consumer Industries

The possible risks, of using any consumer product on human health, needs to be taken in to consideration by the manufacturers. Especially, those, who are in consumer products like medicine, cosmetics and food gradients etc are to be careful. This needs the true attention when the product is based on a new technology. Unless the impact of the, use of the new technology in product, on human health is studied properly no product based on that technology should enter into the market.

Advertisements for the consumer products are not sufficient even if they come through the famous personalities and celebrities from sports, movie etc. People are simply attracted to use the product and later the blame starts. Proper test proofs can only convince the public. As the people are more concerned of their health than anything those who provide test proofs to the public may win in the market. Often companies do marketing of their product with labeling the new technology usage and it is not clear to the consumer that for what this technology has been applied in the product. How dangerous their product is to human health is not known. Because many time the companies are concerned with the use of new technology and labeling the product with it before the technology impact is studied substantially.

If there is no clear publishing of the test proofs to the public, about the harms on human health, there will be arguments and confusions in the consumer groups. We have already seen some examples about Coca Cola in India. There are some discussions and arguments in the Internet about the nano technology based consumer products.

Particularly the developing countries have to have the sufficient and proper laws to check if there are any adverse affects on human health. Before the break through and innovative technologies are applied for consumer products, manufacturers should be forced to do the research on the long-term affects of those technologies on human health in advance. The regulations should be in force to insist for researching on impacts of products based on new technologies and publishing it with proof prior to applying it to the human consumer products.

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Minimize the Client and Server transactions on the Internet

Whenever any website is visited the web browser opens the website’s home page initially. The home page in website serve as the introductory page for the entire website. It provides the links to other pages for detailed specific information. These links can be in the form tabs, buttons in the menu or any hyper linked texts and used to open the different pages. Usually the information itself is broken down in to different pages so that each page serves a different purpose and provides the classified information. The home page provides the hyper links or tab links through menus to other pages.

Web browser at the client machine processes the URL and opens the home page first and waits for the user to click for any links on it. The pages are loaded from the web server on demand whenever user clicks the hyper links. This saves the Internet bandwidth by loading only the require pages.

Internet bandwidth always becomes inadequate even if the bandwidth capacity is improved. This is due to the fact that there is always overloaded Internet traffic in the form with text, photos, video and voice. So the bandwidth needs to be carefully utilized.

Current strategy used in web browser is loading the page based on user requirement as discussed above. As the client machine keeps on requesting the pages, the page is repeatedly fetched from the web server. Distributed servers have increased the speed of getting the page. Even if the nearest servers are chosen based on the client’s geographic information the number of transactions are not minimized. The web browsers were designed earlier to get only the required information. The reasons may be the costly hardware like RAM and the secondary storage devices at client side.

Each time the page is refreshed or the hyper link is clicked there are many processes happen to get the page from the server. At minimum following are the tasks that need to be completed to get a requested page (Assuming that the cache is not set for the pages to stay locally).

1. At the client side web browser sends the request to server.
2. Web server needs to process the document search operation.
3. The searched document is loaded on to the Internet and sent to the client machine.
4. Client machine receives the document and refreshes the screen with the new page.

This happens every time the page is refreshed. If there are two Internet explorers open on the same machine for the same user login both act independently. When same URL is opened in these Internet explorers, both initiate the http request for that page and get the pages from the server.

Can the web browser behave smart when communicating to the web server?

If the transaction between the client and the server is minimized the load on the Internet is going to be minimized definitely.

What are the strategies to minimize the transactions between the client and server? It depends on the type of transaction. For the transactions where the stepwise authentication is required at the server side it cannot be minimized. But in any other types of transactions it should be minimized. Web browsers should determine the type of transaction happening and act accordingly.

1. Whenever the web page has a descriptive material user will definitely click the hyper links embedded in between the paragraph. The web browser can get the web pages for all the links in that paragraph when the page is downloaded for the first time. This is like getting all materials required instead of getting it whenever is required. This protocol can be applied when the server is not nearer to the client and the client and server communication is costly.
2. When the home page is downloaded from the server the server can send the information to the client about when next update can happen to that page. So that the client can cache the page locally depends on this time length. Some web pages frequently updated can follow some protocol to set their page update time.

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Program Structures and properties

1. C program Structure and properties

Structure:

void main(void)
{
statement 1;
statement 2;
.
.
.
statement n;
return;
}

C program will have the above typical program structures. Every C program will have at least main function. Other functions, if present, are called from this main. The C style programming has the following features.

Properties:

Procedural Programming Technique -
C program logic is built sequentially. The entire program flow is sequential from start to end like a procedure. There may be multiple threads and exits in between but the logic flows from start to end like a process.
Modular Programming -
C program is always a collection of function modules. The main function calls other functions. Entire main function can be a sequence of function calls where the entire process is broken down into modules.
Top Down Approach -
The programming approach used in C language is top down means; the program logic is built by making the functions calls assuming that the functions are present. Once the higher-level logic is built then these functions are implemented. While building the higher-level logic one need not bother about the lower level details of the functions to be implemented. Programmer can just assume the availability these modules and use them.

This Section will be continued...
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Compilers can be Intelligent

Compiler is a tool used by developers to produce the binary image of the source code. Developer uses this tool frequently while the code is being developed. There are compilers for all languages except for some languages, where the interpreters execute the program.

The current compilers do preprocessing for cleaning the code and handling the various compiler directives. Then the result is subjected to lexical and syntax analysis where the typo errors and language related errors are handled. After this there will be code generation and code optimization.

The current compilers have configuration options for a particular compilation set up needs. Every time the code is compiled the same above said steps are done. In some cases the incremental compilation is done to act only on the recently changed code. To develop a small program couple of times the compilation happens in average. In this process compiler does not use the information generated by the profiler to act intelligent. Compiler can learn about the program and about its data objects. This information can be used to make compiler act intelligently over that program. But compilers do not use any information about the program, which makes the successive compilations easier for the same program.

Compilers need to become like expert systems. They can obtain the expertness while compiling the programs. As, typically the program development involves couple of rounds of compilation the learning process for the compilation need not be the separate phase.

What are the areas where the compilers can behave as intelligent tools?

· Compiler can declare any local variable if its declaration is missing and indicate the user about the same in the form of warning.

· Compiler can declare any global variable if its declaration is missing and indicate the user in the form of warning.

· Compiler can free the dynamic memory allocated inside a function or block if user does not free the memory by mistake and indicate the same to the user in the form of warning.

· Compiler can include the header file as appropriate corresponding to a used library instead of throwing the errors.


These abilities of the compiler speed up the program development task and thereby reduce the program development life cycle time.

Booting technique for next generation computers

Booting is a process to bring the system up for working. This process checks the system components after power on and loads the operating system from the secondary storage device. This process involves many predefined tasks, which are carried out every time the system is switched on. Booting starts with the POST step followed by bootstrapping process.

The bootstrapping process begins with executing the software in ROM at a predefined address. This BIOS software contains a small functionality to search for devices eligible to participate in booting, and loads a small program from a boot sector. This small program, called as bootstrap loader or boot loader loads the operating system into memory and passes the control to it. This boot sector will be on any storage device.

This booting process takes a while depends on the machine configuration and the operating system. The total booting time is divided into three stages in cold booting (boot from shut down state) process.

· BIOS POST - the time for the power-on self test (POST)
· Pre-Logon - the time from BIOS POST handoff to the Windows Logon screen
· Post-Logon - the time from closing the Logon screen to a usable Start menu

These 3 time units make the total booting time. Users are always concerned about the booting time the system takes. All expect the system to be ready after it is switched on.

In fact we do not use the system’s full capacity and all its devices initially. Why to check the entire RAM in the beginning? Why to verify all the CPUs in the system initially? Why all network cards are to be verified?

The booting process should be such that the logon screen should be made available to the user as soon as he switches on the system. The limited set of hardware can be made available to the user initially. The booting process can be extended at the background to make the full system resources available to the user. Here the hardware and software resources are made available to the user as the user continues to use the system.

This lazy and demand based booting technique for quick system availability can be investigated for the next generation computer systems.

When The Technologies Collide

In the competitive world, there will be arguments for selecting the optimal and efficient solution. The world community naturally selects the better solution, which makes its life better. The same will be true for virtualization. Virtualization lets a single computer run multiple operating systems simultaneously, in compartments called virtual machines. This enables to derive the 100% utilization of the computers. Also in disaster recovery solutions one can move the virtual machines from one server to another in case of any disasters at one location. Plate spin technology enables the disaster recovery solutions in heterogeneous environments through virtualization.

When user community assesses that VMWARE can provide the cost effective solutions for IT industry naturally the Microsoft, which is holding the technology leadership, raise their eyebrows. This is the scenario of collision between the technologies, which are to some extent, not complementary. Win-Win solution needs to be determined in collaboration to move forward. What the user community does in these scenarios. We know how the user community has accepted the Linux OS.

This technology, impacts the Microsoft business. Why Microsoft did not promote this technology for the span of 5 to 6 years over which virtualization is evolved? If it does not promote then some body take the initiative. So this always happens. One has to accept the breakthroughs in technology and promote it quickly so that the leadership can be maintained for generations.

Like the people say "Virtualization is a journey, not a project." But how this journey of VMWARE will be welcome by Microsoft. Whether they go together hand in hand to meet the world's technical requirements? If not how they arrive at Win-Win solution?

Information Inheritance by Technology

We study in the history about the human civilizations, where the different races of human beings had lived on different parts of this planet. Any civilization, in past, was tied to a particular region on this planet. It was influenced by the climates and nature of that region. The civilization was tied to the nature in its food habits, living style and all social and economical interaction was often not going away from that region. The communities in one civilization hardly knew there is another contemporary civilization in some part of the world. The communication was not there across the geography. There was no influence on one civilization by another.

For some reasons civilizations vanished and another came into existence and the cycle repeated many times. We can get few details about them. Also the civilizations have left their footprints on many ways, like left details about them on walls, coins they used for trading, etc. But any detail we get was only about the kingdoms, like who ruled the region and some details about the nobles lived there.

When we compare the current civilization we are living in we are having the one civilization of human being, which has spread on the planet entirely. The whole planet is diminished into a village. People exchange their ideas across the planet, influence their views and opinions on others whom they have never seen often. We live together and we think together for the better future. We see the unity in all diversified fields.

What made this possible? Was it a dream of somebody in the past? Or it is just a result of some thing, which evolved together over time?

The reason behind this is the Internet. That has made all these possible. Internet as brought the people together. One writes for another to read and one sings for another to listen. Both have never met each other. We call this as an Internet civilization.

Information Inheritance

Internet not only brought the people together, but in process of doing that, it has generated the enormous amount of data. The data and the information, which has been generated by the billions of people, over time, need to be managed well. How the future generation makes use of this data is the question. This data resides in the storage disks and has been spread over the planet. This data may be related to any industry statistics or any one’s thoughts or any picture, videos, movies and so on and so on. Great effort has been put to generate this data. This data represents the current civilization. What way this data needs to be presented to the coming generations? How they get the benefits from this enormous amount of data?

Is it better if we sort it out and prepare the Internet library and store its multiple copies so that every one accesses the same? Everyone is thinking to shrink the technology so that everything happens in a tiny model be it a software or hardware. So who will drive this?

Who is extending the life of Moore's law

It appeared almost like reaching an end for one to put some more transistors into the chip, after the span of 4 decades. There were alternatives approaches found to increase the processing capacity of a chip or to utilize the chip power to 100% by hyperthreading etc. There were many approaches to get more computing ability by a system with multiple processors together. Also there were good inventions in Nano technology to increase the transistor density.
But there was a feeling like the Moore’s law to increase the transistor density over time will fail as there is no substantial invention for any kind of new material which can make chip manufacturers life easier.
HP took a good initiation and made a good invention. This invention may extend Moore’s law further. Moore's Law was a prediction by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in the 1960s. He basically said that roughly ever two years the number of transistors on an integrated circuit will double in speed and capacity for the same amount of money. Since then, that statement has held true. Processing power and speed have exploded over the years.
But there is one natural and real concept with the Moore’s law. We can say that if we can follow the law some how, the way Moore put it, eventually, we will be able to work at the atom level. This may be the end of the Moore’s law too.

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Thin-Laptop over the Internet - Can be possible?

The client-server architecture concept is used all over the Internet. The computers are found at all work points, which connect to remote server and gets the data from it. These client machines serve as the interface to the user, which, connect to the server and provide the data to the user. These machines get the database and display it for the user in the required format. No data will be stored at their point.

Everywhere network is mandatory and there is no system without network. We cannot imagine the isolated machine without network. Here comes the idea of new thin-laptop to make use of the available network connection. Thin-Laptop is a new kind of handy Laptop capable of doing everything. The only difference is, this Thin-laptop has no motherboard. It can load the editor and edit the applications. It can open the integrated development environments for developing applications. It can compile and execute and user can browse the Internet on it. It can play the music and video. But all computation happens in remote station. This laptop will have the necessary hardware to connect to remote machine. It can have I/O devices like Mouse, CD ROM drive, USB drive, and floppy drive except hard disk. All are handled through the embedded processor locally.

Though it looks similar to dumb terminal connected to some mainframe computer but it is not. It is not a full pledged machine to do all jobs on its own. All the compilations and executions occur in remote computer. It gets the results from remote computer and displays to the user. But for the user it gives the feeling like he is working on local machine. It provides all access facilities to user locally and does all computations on remote machine. It opens the remote terminal screen for the user and enables him to do everything over network.

General Features of the concept

1. This does not follow either dumb I/O terminal concept or Client server architecture concept. This is a hybrid product of both concepts.
2. No OS is installed on the machine. Embedded processor will do all the limited tasks.
3. Network connection is mandatory to connect to the server. The machine does not work independently.
4. This can work both on battery power and direct power supply like laptop.

Advantages of this concept

1. This can be a handy and new product, which can be carried to any place where the network is available.
2. Users working in a computer center, industries, banks and educational institutions can have their own Thin-laptops on their table connected to the server. This is a more useful machine in all places where people work with the databases on remote servers.
3. If these machines are supported by wireless then users can use them anywhere in wireless zone.
4. More suitable model for the developing countries as it is economical to buy.

This techonology can be used as cloud computing or not. Readers please comment

Smart Novel Editor - A feasible tool for embedded program development

Traditional compilers for programming languages start the compilation process with preprocessing step followed by lexical analysis, syntax analysis, intermediate code generation, code generation and code optimization tasks. This is a translation process, which takes the source code and produces the machine code. The steps in the beginning of compilation process are language oriented and the later steps are machine oriented. The former stages of compilation generate the warnings and errors related to types and usage of variables.

Data flow graph can help the programmer to understand the data usage in the program. It clearly shows the data flow through various statements and the data dependencies of the code fragments. It helps in reducing the logical errors. But this needs to be done as a separate step manually, before coding starts. Also programmer can know about the logical errors while testing the program.

Difficulties faced by the programmer today

One of the problems faced by the programmer, while coding the program is he will not know about how the variable was updated earlier. Programmer guesses the data values for the variables based on his previous logic and builds the program logic further. But he cannot imagine the current data values for the variables. He expects some value and builds the logic. He commits mistake when he uses the variables without having full knowledge of how those variables were updated previously.

What are the abilities of the currently available editors?

There are many development environments where the editor brings the tool tips and pop-up windows about the function signatures, class members. These direct the programmer in choosing the right class members, right variables and help him to build the statement syntactically correct. But they do not reveal anything about how the variables were changed previously. The information to help the programmer to build the logic correctly while typing the program will be advantageous. It reduces the program development life cycle time by reducing the logical errors on the first front.

What additional feature of editor may help the programmer?

If the editor pops up the list for recent previous statements, which update the variables in hand, programmer understands the variables clearly. This will be the proper information for the programmer to build the logic correctly. The editor helps the programmer to use the variables in appropriate way while typing the program.

Also this editor helps the programmer to produce the ‘First Time Right’ Code. Developing ‘first time right’ code means while typing the program itself the programmer corrects the logical errors.

Features of the novel editor

This editor supports the ‘DataUpdate’ feature. This intelligent feature is supported in the editor as user option. If this option is turned off the editor behaves as the normal editor in the development environment. The intelligence is provided to the editor by the backend DLL. The DLL is a programming language dependent. It behaves like a preprocessor and compiler for the language being used. But it will not produce the machine code. The DLL is programming language syntax aware. The two components are editor and the backend DLL. Editor is responsible for the display and the formatting functionalities and serves as the GUI.

The DLL performs the following functions online as the programmer types the program.

a) Preprocessing
b) Lexical Analysis
c) Syntax Analysis
d) Providing the previous update details for any variable

The backend DLL keeps the database of statements and variables. It shows how the particular variable was updated earlier. As the programmer types the statements and uses the variable it will provide the list of statements updating that variable. This aids the programmer to take valid decisions while framing the logic.

Whenever the programmer types the variable name a menu pops up below the variable position. It shows the recent statements modifying that variable. If there are many paths to the statement being typed, then it will show all the alternative list of statements.

Where it will be more useful?

For embedded processors most of the software development happens with the help of cross compilers. For any embedded software development environment where C syntax like language is used we can use this kind of intelligent editor. Here reducing the logical errors while the code is under development can shorten the software development life cycle. Otherwise the errors will be known when the code is tested on the simulator.

Write First Computer Program

How to start writing programs ?

1. Identify what are the inputs required.
2. Identify what results you need.
3. Identify the steps you do manually to get that result.
4. Write the steps using any language you know.
5. Translate the steps to the programming language you need.

Exploit the History

History is the main source of knowledge with proofs. As it talks about the events happened in the past it gives us the insight of the causes of events and their results. These are the two things that is needed to make a good decisions in todays life. In each and every area history can be exploited to take good decisions and to make good progress in that area in future. It depicts about the reality and significance of various actions and reactions in that area.

Evolution of Microprocessors

What is Microprocessor?

The simple definition of microprocessor, as per its functionality is that it is a tiny fabricated silicon chip, known as programmable micro controller, which is able to execute the predefined set of instruction and to address the predefined range of memory space along with the few I/O devices such as keyboard and LCD display.

Evolution of Microprocessors

The evolution of microprocessor started with the world’s first microprocessor by Intel Corporation, the Intel 4004 in 15th Nov. 1971. This is a 4-bit microprocessor with memory addressing capacity of 4096 4-bit memory locations. Later came in market 8008 and followed by series of processors over couple of decades 8080, 8085, 8086, 80186 and 80286. Finally came to market the 32-bit processor, 80386. This processor has been ruling the computer world still.
So we saw the 8-bit processors initially and then 16-bit processors for couple of years. Then came 32-bit processor architecture and it has been in use for more than a decade. The capacity of these processors to address the memory range and the FLOPS (Floating Point Operations per Second) was enough to handle the real world computation requirements needed by that time.
But as the human generation found the ease of using computers and its advantage in industry automation, the demand started increasing for computation ability. These microprocessors were found incapable in processing ability and also in accessing the bigger memory space. The increase in demand for high computing ability and bigger memory range by applications, put the continuous pressure on chip manufacturers such is Intel, AMD etc, to invent for the new technology. To meet the computing requirement of the real world, chip manufacturers released the next new version of microprocessor with 64-bit architecture. Intel and AMD are the 2 giants for providing this 64-bit microprocessor architecture to the computing world.
With this 64-bit architecture the memory range and the computing capacity both increased significantly. This processor can address 16 Tera bytes of memory (1 Tera bytes = 1024 GB) unlike the only 4GB for 32-bit case. So each application gets lot of memory. It was only 4GB for applications running on 32-bit microprocessors. Processing capacity is doubled as the data bus is doubled in width from 32 to 64 bits.

Can these processors grow the same way in future? Does Moore’s law answer this?